Virginia SOL AFDA.DA.2

What students need to be able to do

• Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and assess the type of data relevant to the question (e.g., quantitative versus categorical).
• Investigate, describe, and determine best sampling techniques, such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling.
• Plan and conduct an experiment and/or observational study addressing control, randomization, and minimization of experimental error.
• Collect or acquire data to answer a statistical question.
• Recognize that data may contain errors, have missing values, or may be biased, and make decisions about how to account for these issues.
• Identify biased sampling methods.
• Given a plan for an observational study, identify possible sources of bias and describe ways to reduce bias.
• Select, create, and use appropriate visual representations of data to brainstorm solutions.
• Use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data.
• Communicate the description of an experiment and/or observational study, the resulting data, analysis, and the validity of the conclusions.